This presentation presenst the problems associated with placing on line different water supplies, particularly with emphasis on blending existing groundwater supplies with surface water and desalinated brackish water and/or seawater supplies and the impacts on chemistry and existing infrastructure that will results. Mitigation concepts are presente...

This presentation starts by discussing and clarifying treatment plant objectives and what is really required. From there it provides useful parameter suggestions for water source, pretreatment, calculated monitoring and post treatment processes. The presentation also calls out the difference between critical parameters and secondary suggestions....

Paper presents an overview of RO and NF membrane processes and fouling, describing biofouling, how to apply forensic methods, including membrane autopsy methods to determine the extent of fouling, as well as how to design and operate plants to avoid fouling. Analytical method applied include loss on ignitian, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tar...

Introducing a new water source into an existing distribution system can cause a variety of water quality issues, especially in older distribution systems. The new characteristics can loosen sediments, slough iron or manganese deposits, change water biology, and result in additional changes that effect the taste, odor, or appearance of the distribut...

This presentation follows three case studies, the authors believe these case studies will be useful to the water industry as they provide a framework for others to follow who are interested in methodically evaluating chemical pretreatment to enhance process performance and operational efficiency while simultaneously maintaining safe margins for sca...