This paper presents the field and laboratory analytical data from the pilot testing of the UF and RO membrane technologies conducted at the Lee/Hendry County Landfill. The paper will also address the design considerations in implementing both systems effectively...

Wastewater reuse has not been explored traditionally in the water rich north eastern US. However, as some utilities are approaching limits of their supply, reuse is becoming a more attractive option for some purposes. Because reuse has not been implemented in this area, the state of Connecticut is relying on reuse guidelines from Florida. One of th...

Analysis of alternative corrosion inhibitors on nanofiltration finished water corrosivity at the City of Fort Lauderdale Peele Dixie Plant....

The paper describes the design, construction and operation of the City of Fort Lauderdale Peele-Dixie Membrane Plant....

This PowerPoint presentation is a case study of the Currituck County Reverse Osmosis Water Treatment Plants...

This PowerPoint discusses the experiences in large scale desalination that were done in Australia....

This presentation provides design considerations for the construction of seawater desalting facilities. The presentation is divided into sections for intake, pretreatment, reverse osmosis process, and post-treatment design. Key topics include corrosion management and energy recovery....

With the increasing frequency and severity of drought, agencies across the United States and in particular in Texas have been turning to the potable reuse of municipal wastewater, either directly or indirectly, to help meet growing demands. It is important for any water treatment facility to have a high level of reliability to ensure water quality...

In this session, I will address how the Tennessee Division of Water Resources evaluates the application of membrane technology for both drinking water and wastewater treatment. This presentation will include a discussion of the division's approach for reviewing designs and requirements for operation and maintenance. In addition, the current univers...

The information included in this presentation will explain the challenges operators will face with starting up a new membrane treatment facility, training staff and operating and maintaining a membrane facility regardless of membrane manufacturer. This presentation will share direct experiences based on personal experience and the experiences plant...

This paper describes the wastewater master planning challenges in the Southern Outer Banks coastal community. The high cost of land, the challenges of public-private regionalization, influent flow and load issues, the limited area available for effluent disposal, and stringent effluent disposal regulations for non-discharge systems have presented ...

This presentation from a preconference workshop in 2014 for Back to Basics on membrane technology discusses various aspects of a reverse osmosis system design. Included are the impact of water quality, desired permeate quality and design influences....

This paper and presentation discuss past and present experiences with membrane plant operational assistance, including plant start-up and guidance, data normalization and evaluation, troubleshooting, process optimization, membrane cleaning assessment and optimization, membrane replacement, pilot testing, and energy savings optimization, among other...

The first part of the presentation will discuss how to review membrane system performance by looking at historical trends, checking operating sequences to determine effectiveness and perform a close review of cleaning performance checking appropriate chemical dose/strength to identify operational changes. The goal is to improve overall efficiency a...

This paper provides an overview of the drivers for the microfiltration (MF) upgrade project in White Plains, NY, while elaborating on benefits, challenges, and lessons learned....

As growing demand taxes existing drinking water supplies and rising wastewater effluent standards lead to more advanced wastewater treatment, planned indirect potable reuse is becoming a feasible scenario for more utilities. A majority of planned potable reuse schemes currently in operation or planned to be employed in the U.S. make use of advanced...

How do you fix a small public utility water supply issues that include potential health issues related to septic fields affecting the surficial aquifer, limited water supply yield, limited treatment capacity, saltwater intrusion, lack of fire protection in some areas, and poor quality potable water? Currituck County in the northeastern portion of c...

The Town of Jupiter, FL decided to add nanofiltration to their existing RO/lime softening/ion exchange facilities for long term compiance and sustainability. A split feed concept was utilized to maximize savings using high salt passage elements housed in specialled constructed vessels. It producesd a concentrate of high enough quality to be blended...

The Loxahatchee River District (LRD) was one of the first large utilities in Florida to produce 100% reclaimed water in the 1980s. LRD's overal wastewater management strategy is to provide high level wastewater treatment and dispose of the highly treated wastewater in an environmentally sound and sustainable manner. The successful strategy of blend...

As a major investment, membrane life has a significant impact on the life cycle cost of a treatment facility with the key to optimum performance is the right balance between membrane life and good membrane performance. Production and membrane integrity are two drivers in determining the life of a membrane. If the production requirements can be met,...

Provides an overview of NF/RO design. Includes guidance on deisgn parameters requried for successful implimentation of NF/RO projects...

Discussion of control points for direct potable and indirect potable reuse risk assesments. Includes options for reuse in the context of southern Florida along with an analysis of how process selection decisions are made when implimenting a reuse scheme....

As membrane filtration technology has matured, valuable lessons have been learned as to where it fits and where it doesn't. While treated water quality in terms of particle and microorganism removal is rarely compromised, some of the early claims made on sustainable membrane flux and manageable feed water quality in terms of turbidity and organics ...

An engineering study was conducted comparing reverse osmosis and activated aluminum filters for most cost effective removal of fluoride, arsenic and nitrates from a City of Goodyear Arizona well source. Activated alumina removed fluoride and arsenic while RO removed both of these and nitrate. RO concentrate may be disposed by solar evaporation....

Pilot testing of several scale inhibitors was conducted at the EWTP to determine suitability of these products with the existing water supply, treatment process recovery and new membrane elements. Initial testing of the latest scale inhibitor was conducted to provide a baseline membrane fouling rate for comparison to other inhibitors. Overall pil...

The Arcadia Water Treatment Plant treats local groundwater to provide up to 10 MGD of treated water as part of the City of Santa Monica?s drinking water supply. The plant removes iron and manganese, and then treats a portion of the water with reverse osmosis as a softening process to achieve desired levels of hardness. Shortly following commissioni...

This paper will present some the development of operation and maintenance plan and training and certification framework for Direct Potable Reuse Systems (DPR)...

This project examined the robustness and reliability of treatment barriers that are used in two key process barriers for water reuse, microfiltration and reverse osmosis. The tests were performed at the Scottsdale Water Campus in Arizona. The project involved observing the response of failures in ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis membranes by int...

The primary purpose of feeding antiscalant at a membrane plant is to prevent calcium deposits on the membranes. A secondary benefit of feeding antiscalant is to keep calcium in suspension until the concentrate is discharged. However, if retention time of the concentrate exceeds the scale control limits of the antiscalant scale formation forms on th...

The Fort Mill Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP) is nearing the design capacity of its exsting secondary treatment system, with influent TKN loading approaching 90% of the design loading. At the same time, rapid growth projections in this suburb of Charlotte, North Carolina correlate to a tripling of influent flow/load in the next thirty years. ...

This presentation provides an overview of the design of a custom engineered microfiltration for West Basin Municipal Water District. The system is designed to accept 6 different membrane modules. The presentation will review design and procurement challenges for this system....

This presentation will share the successful planning and design of an innovative tertiary membrane bioreactor (TMBR) facility. This facility will provide flexibility to meet future water quality challenges, reduce costs to enable water reuse while preserving potable water, and manage operational costs through innovative design....

Reverse Osmosis (RO) systems are monitored and maintained using a combination of SCADA, laboratory analysis and manual inspections. Changing factors such as temperature, feed water quality, permeate flow and system recovery can all have an effect on membrane performance. "Normalizing" RO data allows comparison of membrane performance to a baseline ...

The Signal Hill project showcases an innovative approach that other water suppliers can capitalize on - membrane treatment with high recovery to conserve local resources. This paper describes the key considerations of a hybrid membrane configuration to achieve color removal while maintaining high recovery without membrane scaling....

The town of Jupiter operates a unique nanofiltration (NF) plant that includes an innovative system of split-feed pressure vessels configured with center-port concentrate outlets. When the plant was designed, the split-feed concept was considered a promising design innovation to reduce feed pressure. Now, with seven years of successful operation and...

This presentation will review the use of chloramine as a means of RO membrane fouling control in reuse applications and discuss the advantages and challenges of this approach. It will use case studies in reuse from the United States and around the world....

The BRWRF is an 11 mgd advanced treatment facility, commissioned in 2008 with the world?s largest membrane bioreactor (MBR). The BRWRF effluent augments the Potomac River and provides non-potable reuse to data centers for cooling. This paper conveys the experience of operating a large MBR facility with a focus on process operation, monitoring, and ...

This presentation will discuss the challenges of developing reliable, cost effective treatment systems capable of treating water from multiple sources with varying water quality characteristics. This presentation will focus on the development of the reverse osmosis (RO) system for the Thomas Groundwater Treatment Facility (TGTF) in Scottsdale, AZ, ...

Today?s industrial reuse challenges require innovative solutions. This presentation will share the successful planning and design of an innovative tertiary membrane bioreactor (TMBR) facility. This facility will provide flexibility to meet future water quality challenges, reduce costs to enable water reuse while preserving potable water, and manage...

This presentation will provide an overview of the large diameter membrane assessment, including a review of operating and troubleshooting data. It will identify some of the advantages of large diameter membranes along with some of the operational challenges....

Panel Discussion...

Penn State University is the process of replacing their existing conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment facility with a membrane bioreactor facility. Facility upgrades are required to improve operational reliability, replace aging infrastructure, improve treatment performance, and upgrade the process to meet PDEP Class A reclaimed water...

This presentation will review the history and development of these treatment processes, with a particular focus on RO based processes. From the early application of RO to desalting water, it will review some of the important advances in treatment of membranes in reuse....

This paper will present bench test and full scale results and discuss key challenges of implementing bench test findings at full scale in the context of the case study demonstration tests.Utilities that treat surface water and utilities that are planning conversion from iron based coagulants to aluminum based coagulants will gain knowledge into imp...

This paper discusses results of an extensive pilot study conducted for City of Dunedin to evaluate pretreatment options for treating groundwater containing Fe and Mn with RO. Processes tested include several oxidants (Cl2, ClO2, O3, KMnO4 and combinations of some of them), 3 types of media (sand, greensand plus, pyrolusite), two UFs (ceramic and po...

This paper will discuss an emerging approach to developing holistic data management tools for membrane systems. Several case studies will be presented which will demonstrate to operators, engineers, and management staff how dashboards and modern data analytical innovation can address a variety of challenges and inspire proactive operations....

Membrane plants using spiral wound membranes typically are constructed with instrumentation for monitoring the performance across the entire train, however, membrane plants are typically comprised of multi-staged trains, and to properly perform the process control and monitoring of each stage, many existing plants must be retrofitted. The case stud...

The City of Corpus Christi is performing nanofiltration (NF) pilot testing as a way of evaluating the feasibility of returning to free chlorine disinfection from the current usage of chloramine. The NF pilot will verify performance of the treatment process to remove organics and DBP formation potential. Utilities that are currently using free chlor...

This paper will cover membrane applications and related operator skills required for efficient operations, and why agencies need to invest in their operators. The author holds a B.S. in Environmental Science from W.W.U. and a Grade III California State wastewater operator certificate. He works as a Wastewater Plant Operator II at EBMUD where he ope...

Brazos Regional Public Utility Agency Surface Water and Treatment System completed bench test and resultant full-scale implementation for pretreatment coagulant changes from iron-based to aluminum-based coagulants. This includes optimization of clarification followed by membrane filtration and the change of operation from coagulant, flocculation, s...

The City of Signal Hill's nanofiltration plant was designed and built primarily for color removal and some total dissolved solids reduction. The plant was successfully built and started up over two years ago. After more than one year of operation the plant was cleaned for the first time. This paper will present information on the plant design and o...

Jupiter Water Utilities (Town) owns and operates a 30 million gallon per day (MGD) drinking water treatment facility comprising of nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO), and anion exchange (AX). The Town also owns pilot-scale NF and RO units that are utilized for pretreatment optimization, membrane selection, contaminant of emerging concern rej...

Selection of an appropriate pretreatment process for a nanofiltration (NF) or low-pressure reverse osmosis (LPRO) system is critical to optimizing recovery, water quality, and clean-in-place (CIP) requirements. Key pretreatment considerations include whether or not to remove dissolved Fe and Mn ahead of NF or LPRO, whether biofouling control is ...

Membrane cleaning has changed both quantitatively and qualitatively in the past 40 years but there are basic steps that should be followed. Cleaning time, temperature, hydrodynamic conditions, and concentration of cleaning agents all affect membrane-cleaning efficiency, Cleaning membranes can be costly and ineffective cleaning more so. Most membr...

Nowadays, numerous sensors are installed at membrane facilities that collect a considerable amount of data each hour. Analyzing these data brings tremendous opportunity for the operators to better operate the system for tasks such as membrane cleaning or optimize chemical dosing. Currently, many facilities still perform manual data collection and r...

Operating a membrane plant can be challenging insomuch as there are limited direct observations that can made to asses condition. In this respect, it is much like piloting a submarine; you are dependent on indirect observation by means of on-board instrumentation. However, when it comes to assessing the health of a membrane system such as a microfi...

Operating a membrane plant can be challenging insomuch as there are limited direct observations that can made to asses condition. In this respect, it is much like piloting a submarine; you are dependent on indirect observation by means of on-board instrumentation. However, when it comes to assessing the health of a membrane system such as a microfi...

The Well #26 and Raw Water Transmission Main project is being undertaken to provide needed capacity, redundancy and flexibility for the City of Goodyear’s water distribution system. The project scope includes a new production well (Well 26), with a targeted capacity of 1,500 gpm, transmission main and reverse osmosis (RO) improvements at the Bull...

The Well #26 and Raw Water Transmission Main project is being undertaken to provide needed capacity, redundancy and flexibility for the City of Goodyear’s water distribution system. The project scope includes a new production well (Well 26), with a targeted capacity of 1,500 gpm, transmission main and reverse osmosis (RO) improvements at the Bull...

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Rancho California Water District (Rancho Water/District) in Temecula, California has been investigating options for a groundwater injection indirect potable reuse (IPR) project to provide a locally controlled, drought-resistant supply that decreases salt loading to the groundwater basin. The largest hurdle for this inland water agency is the dispos...

Rancho California Water District (Rancho Water/District) in Temecula, California has been investigating options for a groundwater injection indirect potable reuse (IPR) project to provide a locally controlled, drought-resistant supply that decreases salt loading to the groundwater basin. The largest hurdle for this inland water agency is the dispos...

Effective operation of RO systems is a data-intensive, multivariate, statistical, and preventative maintenance problem. Operators must monitor system’s key performance indicators (KPIs) such as pressures, conductivities, flow rates, permeate and concentrate streams of a given RO membrane unit, let alone an entire system. Data from individual RO m...

Effective operation of RO systems is a data-intensive, multivariate, statistical, and preventative maintenance problem. Operators must monitor system’s key performance indicators (KPIs) such as pressures, conductivities, flow rates, permeate and concentrate streams of a given RO membrane unit, let alone an entire system. Data from individual RO m...

Extensive instrumentation and controls logic are required for reverse osmosis (RO) facilities to function properly. Proper steps must be taken during start up and commissioning to assure that these systems protect the membrane process from disruption or potentially expensive damage. This manuscript discusses strategies to facilitate successful star...

Extensive instrumentation and controls logic are required for reverse osmosis (RO) facilities to function properly. Proper steps must be taken during start up and commissioning to assure that these systems protect the membrane process from disruption or potentially expensive damage. This manuscript discusses strategies to facilitate successful star...

A comprehensive evaluation was performed to determine the most suitable treatment technologies and approach for plant improvements as part of recommissioning the KWRF, including the previous membrane bioreactor (MBR) process and other possible processes based on current developments in wastewater treatment and reclamation. A total of 35 different t...

A comprehensive evaluation was performed to determine the most suitable treatment technologies and approach for plant improvements as part of recommissioning the KWRF, including the previous membrane bioreactor (MBR) process and other possible processes based on current developments in wastewater treatment and reclamation. A total of 35 different t...

The Fort Mill Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP) is currently permitted to treat a capacity of 3.0 mgd, with current flows closer to 1.3 mgd. Due to the proximity of the service area to the City of Charlotte and ongoing local development, annual average flows are projected to almost triple by the year 2024. As a result, the Town of Fort Mill init...

The Fort Mill Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP) is currently permitted to treat a capacity of 3.0 mgd, with current flows closer to 1.3 mgd. Due to the proximity of the service area to the City of Charlotte and ongoing local development, annual average flows are projected to almost triple by the year 2024. As a result, the Town of Fort Mill init...

The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority (Water Authority) is developing a state of the art on site water resources recovery plant, located at a shopping center in the uptown district of Albuquerque. The Winrock Town Center was originally constructed in the early 1960s and is currently undergoing a complete renovation. The vision f...

The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority (Water Authority) is developing a state of the art on site water resources recovery plant, located at a shopping center in the uptown district of Albuquerque. The Winrock Town Center was originally constructed in the early 1960s and is currently undergoing a complete renovation. The vision f...

The SDWA was enacted in 1976 to protect the national drinking water supply and public health. Over the past fifty years, the regulatory process has addressed contaminants and provided the public with meaningful health protection. Although the industry is familiar with the actual regulations, many do not understand the regulatory process which can...

The SDWA was enacted in 1976 to protect the national drinking water supply and public health. Over the past fifty years, the regulatory process has addressed contaminants and provided the public with meaningful health protection. Although the industry is familiar with the actual regulations, many do not understand the regulatory process which can...

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