Overview of design and operational philosophy to reduce process pretreatment through the use of minimal chemical additions of antifoulant and/or antiscalent to minimize required membrane cleanings and maximize membrane useful life....

Pilot study to optimize recovery with various anti-scalants at the Kay Bailey Hutchinson desal plant in El Paso, TX....

Paper presents graphs, equations, and case studies to demonstrate how to operate RO water treatment facilities, what data to collect and trend, and how to apply that information to successful full scale plant operations....

This paper reviews the chemistry of iron and manganese species in water that affect the operation and maintenance of Reverse Osmosis systems. Results of studies involving iron fouling and control are presented....

This paper focus is on solving major problems of existing RO plants, and closing the gap between these plants and those that run continuously without unscheduled stoppages for more than 12 years. The list incudes functions that should be performed in the design and operation of an RO plant; Process Chemistry, Process Equipment and Process Procedure...

This paper describes the analysis of the feasibility of an offshore, desalination treatment facility which showed that the concept is viable at all of the evaluated production rates. The findings of this study demonstrate that an offshore platform can accommodate the necessary treatment systems and equipment and, from an operational perspective, re...

In this conceptual framework, the super-concentrate from the seawater RO in the demonstration plant was treated for calcium sulfate, magnesium, iron and silica precipitation. This paper describes the laboratory conditions used and observations made on the use of lime in preparation for scale-up....

Operators of RO plants used to be dependent on outside consultants for data analysis of their system performance. Computer software is now readily in operators hands to help analyze data and trouble shoot operations. This has taken a lot of the decision making that once fell on utility managers and moved it to site managers....

Factors impacting cleaning Reverse Osmosis (RO) and Nanofiltration (NF) membranes...

With the growth in the numbers and sizes of reverse osmosis (RO) plants around the world for desalination of brackish, waste and seawater, the costs of operation and maintenance (O&M) of these plants also increase dramatically. We report here several significant cost saving potentials that do not require capital investment....

In this paper, the simplest possible pretreatments needed for controlling of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes arising from dissolved salts and invisible colloidal particles will be addressed. The new generation of antiscalants can now control all commonly encountered inorganic scales encountered in natural waters, and even in wastewaters at high rec...

This presentation is about how to use the chemistry we know in brine water to solve scale build-up attributable to long disposal lines, inconsistent flows, and the introduction of air. We have worked heavily with two municipalities struggling with issues, the Brine Line in the inland empire and the concentrate tank in city of Sterling, and we have ...