Since 2015 ceramic membranes have been in continuous use in dewatering MF and UF membrane concentrate to achieve Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD). In this case study for DOC and Fe, removal of the Sludge with 20% solids is produced automatically on demand without consumables or labor of any kind. The recovered water is sent directly to the clear well. T...

The presentation will cover four topics. First, the author will discuss the features and basic differences between polymeric and ceramic membranes. The second topic will be a brief history of ceramic membranes, tracing the history from the 1st generation to the current (i.e., 5th) generation membranes that were developed and are produced and mark...

A pilot study was conducted in Texas on surface water from the Rio Grande for a Multi MGD drinking water application. Water was drawn directly from the reservoir and sent to the cross flow ceramic membrane process. No coagulation, flocculation, settling or other pretreatments were applied upstream of the membrane process. This presentation will foc...

Purification of surface water is challenging as a result of the numerous contaminants and the high variability of those contaminants in surface water. Seasonal variations and weather changes add to the complexity of designing step by step unit processes to address those fluctuations. Accordingly, traditional design approaches have incorporated the ...

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Common methods of managing residuals in drinking water production vary widely and include thickening tanks, drying beds, screw presses, polymer, solids handling and other hardware. These methods are routinely high in labour, chemicals, complexity, footprint and have significant capital & operating costs. This paper will review the operational histo...

Common methods of managing residuals in drinking water production vary widely and include thickening tanks, drying beds, screw presses, polymer, solids handling and other hardware. These methods are routinely high in labour, chemicals, complexity, footprint and have significant capital & operating costs. This paper will review the operational histo...

A rural area called Hilldale Water District (HWD) located outside Vicksburg MS was faced with declining aquifer, its sole source for water (Forest Hill Aquifer). HWD decided that the best option to ensure water resource sustainability was to drill a well into the much deeper Sparta Aquifer. This Sparta Aquifer, unlike the Forest Hill Aquifer, is bo...

A common method to reduce TTHM and HAA formation is to utilize chloramines in lieu of free chlorine for secondary disinfection. Chloramines react less with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and generally form less THMs and HAAs. However, Chloramines often create many unintended consequences due to nitrification. Chloramines are formed by adding ammoni...

A common method to reduce TTHM and HAA formation is to utilize chloramines in lieu of free chlorine for secondary disinfection. Chloramines react less with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and generally form less THMs and HAAs. However, Chloramines often create many unintended consequences due to nitrification. Chloramines are formed by adding ammoni...

Ceramic membranes are commonly used for both water and diesel filtration. However, the first ceramic membrane was not originally designed for these applications. The first ceramic membrane was developed during the Manhattan project in World War II for the use of gaseous diffusion in efforts to develop the first nuclear weapon. In the 1980’s ceram...

Ceramic membranes are commonly used for both water and diesel filtration. However, the first ceramic membrane was not originally designed for these applications. The first ceramic membrane was developed during the Manhattan project in World War II for the use of gaseous diffusion in efforts to develop the first nuclear weapon. In the 1980’s ceram...