This paper discusses the removal of trace concentrations of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), and other ?emerging? organic contaminants by nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes. The study investigates the removal by examining interactions with typical components found in surface waters, includ...

This paper documents a study intended to determine the impact of shear stress conditions on hollow fiber membrane fouling in natural waters, compare shear stress conditions and pre-coagulation on membrane fouling (separately and in combination), and compare the relative cost of shear stress conditions (sparging) and/or pre-coagulation with respect ...

This study reports on the application of ultrafiltration (UF) to treat a water source that is subject to algae blooms, with data that demonstrates how the membranes may best be used in a treatment train to mitigate risks associated with membrane fouling, algal toxins, and taste and odor compounds....

The occurrence, fate and ecotoxicology of emerging organic micropollutants including pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), and personal care products (PCPs) have been of interest in recent years. Nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) have emerged as effective alternatives to conventional water trea...

The most widely applied pre-treatment to UF is coagulation, often to aggregate fractions of organic matter that cause fouling or those fractions that form disinfection by-products (DBPs) upon chlorination. Recent bench-scale studies have indicated that a low dose of coagulant (< 1 mg/L) is effective at reducing membrane fouling when considering sev...