Overview of the basic of membrane water treatment systems. The typical components of capital costs are defined while operating costs are also illustrated. The variables that contribute to these costs are noted with suggestions offered to minimize expense....

Testing standards for membrane treatment efficacy are defined and reviewed through test results. Steps to gain greater technology acceptance throgh integrity verification are suggested....

Case study on the development of a water treatment facility in Brighton, Colorado which has a raw water supply with elevated levels of nitrates. Multiple processes were evaluated including reverse osmosis, nanofiltration and ion exchange. Reverse Osmosis was ultimately deemed the most suitable technology to utilize....

Case study detailing the process undertaken to develop a new 15 million gallon per day microfiltration water treatment facility in Westminster, Colorado. An in depth look at pilot testing available process equipment, system design and facility start up after construction....

Presented for a regulator's perspective, the expected protocol for permitting a new membrane water treatment facility is offered....

Overview of design and operational philosophy to reduce process pretreatment through the use of minimal chemical additions of antifoulant and/or antiscalent to minimize required membrane cleanings and maximize membrane useful life....

Presentation of a data gathering effort to compile information on all membrane water treatment facilities in the the United States with emphasis on establishment of the treatment residual process utilized at each facility....

Basic overview of all membrane water treatment processes. Pressure driven, thermal driven and electrically driven processes are addressed. Detail is provided on system components, process configurations and terminology as well as operational issues such as membrane fouling....

Report on the information gathering effort to develop a comprehensive historical account of the development and use of microfiltration and ultrafiltration. The Purpose of the study is set forth to aid in the operation of existing treatment facilities and to provide pertinent information to those utilities considering the future use of the technol...

Paper outlines the basis for need related to the development of membrane process standards. Specific related issues relating to the standardization of measurments used in the treatment process as well as uniformity in the manner in which membrance integrity testing is conducted and reported....

Case study of how Idaho Springs, Colorado addressed a high turbidity raw water and a significant population of microorganisms (giardia lamblia) with microfiltration coupled with ultraviolet disinfection. The facility is rated to treat up to 2.7 million gallons per day....

Overview of State of Colorado and US Federal drinking water regulations as they pertain to ultrafiltration and microfiltration water treatment facilities. Emphasis is provided in relation to the promulgation of the disinfection by products rule and the surface water treatment rule....

Case studies of the use of reverse osmosis water treatment in the copper and iron manufacturing process in Chile. It is demonstarted that the use of reverse osmosis allows for the production of pure water for process use and improved effluent water quality which minimizes any environmental harm from the discharge of water byproduct....

Presentation of the current regulatory hurdles that exist for facilities attempting to permit the disposal or other use of their membrane treatment residual/concentrate. A review of current applicable regulations is provided along with a forecast as to how permitting will likely be addressed in coming years....

Case study of a Dare County, North Carolina Water Treatment facility challenged with arsenic removal to prevent public health concerns. Report outlined how the use of second pass nanofiltration was highly effective. Nanofiltration was deemed the superior treatment technology as it did not produce a highly concentrated waste stream that results fr...

Basic overview of reverse osmosis and nonofiltration water treatment processes plus system design guidelines and considerations....

This PowerPoint presentation describes the investigation of adding a membrane facility on North Padre Island and the considerations for concentrate disposal and permiting needs....

Briefing by the US Department of Commerce on the export of US membrane technology overseas. Department's role in promoting exports is outlined as well as related financing opportunities....

Report of the functions of the Center for Membrane Applied Science and Technology. The Center's purpose is to conduct research on the use of membrane technology, to provide technology transfer and to offer education in membrane science. Application of membrane use supported include water treatment, food and beverage production, fuel cell productio...

The use of brackish water reverse osmosis membranes are utilitized to treat challenging waters produced in the phosphate manufacturing process. The wastewater treatment process must take care to address high membrane scaling and fouling potentials. The use of reverse osmosis is deem to have lower capital and operating costs as compared to conventi...

Case study which demonstrates the effectiveness of a membrane bioreactor process to remove phorphorus at the Lone Tree Creek Wastewater Treatment Facility. Study results indicated that process was effective with the addition of either ferric chloride or sodium aluminate....