The paper discusses studies designed to understand how graft copolymer dose affects PVDF membranes. The study uses scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurement and pure water flux were used to characterize morphology, hydrophilicity and permeability of produced membranes....

This paper describes a novel hybrid process of coagulation-bubbling-ultrafiltration to study membrane fouling phenomena by surface water. The relationship of bubbles, flocs and the hollow fibers was explored....