A pilot-scale osmotic membrane bioreactor (OMBR) was developed with a forward osmosis (FO) membrane submerged in a bioreactor and a Membrane Distillation re-concentration step driven by waste heat for potable wastewater reuse applications at military forward operating bases. Biofilm thickness, which is influenced by the forward osmosis (FO) membran...

A pilot-scale osmotic membrane bioreactor-membrane distillation (OMBR-MD) system was developed for potable wastewater reuse at military forward operating bases. The system consists of forward osmosis (FO) membranes submerged in a bioreactor and an MD system designed to reconcentrate the FO draw solution and generate product water using waste-heat. ...

Forward osmosis (FO) represent a low-fouling alternative compared to pressure-driven membrane processes, particularly as a pretreatment step for challenging feed waters. Thus, in practical applications, FO membrane fouling is anticipated. This work demonstrates for the first time that a membrane-independent limiting flux exists with fouled FO membr...