Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane systems are an attractive technology for groundwater and surface water treatment. Proper system design is especially critical in surface waters with higher levels of organic and solid materials. For these difficult waters, membrane filtration is often substantially improved through effective pretreatment and maintenanc...

This paper gives a case study to highlight membranes in mining applications, with a discussion of process considerations including pretreatment chemistry and contaminant speciation. Equipment design concepts are also explored....