This paper presents the approach taken in both permitting and design of the Sand City seawater desalination facility and will provides an update on one year's worth of operating data, costs, and challenges to complete permitting and startup as well as energy recovery considerations....

Presents information on use of FO for use in oil and gas industry. Explains background on FO, benefits and limitations of current FO membranes, potential applications for treatment of 180 g/L water, and testing results from FO pilot....