The control of fouling is key to sustainable membrane operation. This study compares pretreatment for two ultrafiltration (UF) plants treating the same source water (Lake Ontario). By reducing fouling, the use of biofiltration as a pretreatment has the potential to reduce chemical usage for, and waste generation from, membrane processes, thus co...

This study reports on the application of ultrafiltration (UF) to treat a water source that is subject to algae blooms, with data that demonstrates how the membranes may best be used in a treatment train to mitigate risks associated with membrane fouling, algal toxins, and taste and odor compounds....