The results of three years of UF pilot testing as pretreatment to RO for desalination is presented....

This paper presents a firsthand account of how water quality and operational challenges have been addressed to improve plant reliability. The overall methodology to address each challenge, including treatability and monitored data, will be presented. ZLD facilities present unique challenges since any constituents that enter the facility in the untr...

Conventional wisdom would dictate that as raw water Total Suspended Solids and Turbidity rises, the head-loss across a filter or trans-membrane pressure (TMP) of a membrane filtration system should also rise. This prompts designers and operators to reduce filtration time, reduce filtration flux, and increase filter cleaning (backwashing or otherwis...

Conventional wisdom would dictate that as raw water Total Suspended Solids and Turbidity rises, the head-loss across a filter or trans-membrane pressure (TMP) of a membrane filtration system should also rise. This prompts designers and operators to reduce filtration time, reduce filtration flux, and increase filter cleaning (backwashing or otherwis...