This paper focuses on a novel technology, blending the high-treated water quality of a membrane with the simplicity of a granular media filter. This ?MGF? technology is a direct replacement for filter media and underdrains inside the filter box and operates in gravity mode, using the existing hydraulic profile. Unlike immersed membrane filtration, ...

Turbidity has been a key parameter for monitoring filtered water quality due to its simplicity and reproducibility. Conventional filters integrity has historically been regulated based on the effluent turbidity unlike membranes which has been regulated based on direct integrity testing such as the pressure decay testing. These direct integrity test...