A pilot-scale treatability study was conducted for Lee County FL to examine how to minimize the level of pretreatment and manage NF/RO membrane fouling while allowing for maximum flexibility in the utilization of multiple and variable water resources. Testing identified a two-step ion exchange process (strong sodium-based cation followed by weak c...

This paper will present information from recent piloting, design and operation of systems treating water with high iron concentrations at the Pinewoods facility in Florida. The paper will present a brief discussion of the typical iron pretreatments but will focus will be on the use of Nanofiltration/Reverse Osmosis membranes without significant pre...

The City of Marco Island is in the process of converting from lime softening to low-pressure reverse osmosis to reduce significant annual operating cost, while significantly improving finished water quality, reliability and operability. The new RO system will treat MF filtered high-TOC surface water from the existing North Water Treatment Plant. ...

This paper provides a summary of the membrane evaluation, condition assessment, evaluation results, design considerations for the system upgrade and a discussion of several items found during commissioning....

Lee County Utilities owns and operates the Green Meadows lime softening facility that treats a blend of surficial aquifer groundwater and intermediate Sandstone aquifer groundwater, both hard, freshwater sources, producing up to 9 mgd. The facility?s aging treatment infrastructure was nearing the end of its useful life and needed to be replaced to ...