This presentation discusses autopsy procedures for reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. The presentation includes procedures for identifying physical membrane damage, particulate fouling, organic fouling, scaling, and biological fouling. Testing procedures discussed include visual inspection, the Fujiwara test, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and Chro...

This presentation covers operation and troubleshooting of Spiral Wound RO elements. It covers operational parameters including system operations, data collection, data normalization and membrane life expectancy. When fouling occurs, systematic process needs to be followed to determine causes and Implement corrective actions. Membrane autopsy prov...

Membrane system operations and troubleshooting is reviewed. Recommended maintenance protocols treatment plants are detailed including oversight of data through normalization to detect potential problems. Membrane fouling and scaling is also described with information presented on typical causes and methods to reverse or clean membranes to restore o...