In many areas of the world, use of fresh groundwater and surface water resources is at or exceeds sustainable levels. Brackish waters offer a new source of potable supply in many areas. This paper investigates the various types of brackish waters available, and considers and implications for their use as a potable water source....

Economical and environmentally sound disposal of desalination concentrate can be the critical feasibility issue for inland desalination projects where a surface water outfall is not possible. Deep well injection can be a viable means to permanently remove concentrate and other liquid wastes from the biosphere. However, deep well injection requires ...

Subsurface intakes are increasingly used for raw water supply to seawater desalination facilities because of their reduced overall costs and environmental footprints. The technical challenge for using subsurface intakes lies primarily in finding the optimal, system-specific solution that provides the required volume of water and meeting water qua...

...