The current ~1,200 psi environment for membrane desalination and concentration was established at the turn of the millennium. At that time, system recovery was limited by the operating range of RO membranes, which could handle a maximum brine TDS of ~90,000 ppm. However, demand for higher RO pressures to address feed salinity and concentration requ...

The current ~1,200 psi environment for membrane desalination and concentration was established at the turn of the millennium. At that time, system recovery was limited by the operating range of RO membranes, which could handle a maximum brine TDS of ~90,000 ppm. However, demand for higher RO pressures to address feed salinity and concentration requ...