This paper presents a firsthand account of how water quality and operational challenges have been addressed to improve plant reliability. The overall methodology to address each challenge, including treatability and monitored data, will be presented. ZLD facilities present unique challenges since any constituents that enter the facility in the untr...

The information presented in this paper provides a great value for agencies and consultants who are considering use of seawater desalination as a means to supplement current water supplies and plan to introduce desalinated seawater into their existing distribution system. Testing methodology and outcomes of the study are provided....