Direct Ultrafiltration as a feasible technology for drinking water production: Three Case Studies in Brazil

Paper presents results of 3 pilot studies demonstrating ultrafiltration (UF) as a feasible technology alternative to conventional coagulation/filtration for treating surface water for potable use. All three case studies involve existing plants in S?o Paulo State Brazil. Case 1: Alto Cotia water from Gra?a Reservoir – color, haloacetic aci and TOC temoval. Case 2: Alto da Boa Vista from Guarapiranga Reservoir – algae removal. Case 3 Indaia from Itapanha£ River – Color and iron removal.