Increasing BWRO plant recovery using batch operation RO and a fluidized bed crystallizer

The developed system enables operation of an RO system with feed water varying in quality from 1 000 mg/L TDS to 70 000 mg/L TDS, and at water recoveries ranging from 25% to 99%. Due to the integrated fluidized bed crystallizer, the only limiting factors of the RO system become the concentrate water, brine, osmotic pressure and not supersaturation of sparingly soluble salts