Membrane (UF/MF) vs. Conventional Pre-Treatment for SWRO in California

Paper summarizes a pilot program that was conducted for Marin Municipal Water District (MMWD) on San Francisco Bay, California water. The seawater RO desalination pilot
program compared two pretreatment technologies: 1. Conventional Pretreatment with coagulation, clarification, and granular media filtration to 2. Membrane Filtration with microfiltration (MF) or ultrafiltration (UF). Performance results and costs are compared.